After heavy rainfall, rivers often transport large loads of sediment and dissolved substances, causing significant changes in electrical conductivity (EC). These EC fluctuations, together with concurrent water level shifts, are crucial indicators of river conditions — especially during the early stages of landslides or floods. These variations can provide early warning signals for impending flood events or landslides.
The use of a multi-layer electrical conductivity (EC) profiling smart staff gauge enables near real-time EC profile data collection and transmission at multiple depths in specific locations within a water body. These EC variations, combined with concurrent water-level changes, provide early and reliable indicators of river dynamics.